الهالات والانتفاخ تحت العين

Most likely because they're vascular or structural rather than pigmentation. That's not a product failure — it's the wrong tool for that particular cause.

Hydrating serums, yes. Strong acids and high-percentage actives, no — the skin is thinner and the area is close to the eye itself. Retinoids only in eye-specific formulas or a very small amount of a gentle one.

Heavy occlusive textures can, on some people, in that thin skin. If you get small white bumps, switch to a lighter gel or serum rather than stopping eye care altogether.

If your face moisturiser is gentle and you have no specific eye concern, it's optional. It becomes worth it when you have a specific target: pigmentation, fine lines, or puffiness.

For the vascular type, yes, noticeably. For pigmentation, no. Which is another reason to identify which one you have before buying.